照片：Hsing Chi Fang/Pexels
一项新的Dalhousie大学研究发现，尽管亚洲加拿大人在大流行期间由于与19次相关的歧视而感到不安全，但他们也感到与社区有联系。
定性访谈研究，标题为亚洲加拿大人的生活经历在19日期期间遇到歧视，’于周二发表在《加拿大医学协会杂志》（CMAJ）公开赛上。
Its authors wanted to know how the pandemic had impacted the sense of safety and belonging that Asian Canadians felt to their geographical communities. Researchers interviewed Asian Canadian men and women of different ages from each province and the Northwest Territories between March 23 and May 27, 2021.
“这项研究是在一个种族主义者关于来自美国政治领导的病毒的言论正在使加拿大新闻周期饱和的时候，不幸的是，我们发现此类信息在加拿大发现了居住，” Stephana Julia Moss，研究合着者和研究合着者和a researcher at Dalhousie University’s School of Health Administration, said in an interview.
“在大流行期间，我们每个参与者中的每个参与者都见证或直接经历了歧视。”
Dalhousie University卫生管理学院的研究合着者兼研究员Stephana Julia Moss。照片：贡献
The authors stated that the narrative about “others” from far-flung places being to blame for epidemics and pandemics “is an example of a long-standing tradition of stigma.”
他们写道：“在全球范围内，在共同的19日大流行中，对亚洲血统的人的负面态度，偏见和种族主义的增加，增强了长期存在的系统性歧视和负面刻板印象。”
“不仅是一个大流行问题”
研究参与者与研究人员分享，由于他们面临的歧视性质不可预测的性质，他们感到不安全。在大流行期间所经历的歧视的心理和情感影响包括抑郁，持续的压力和焦虑。
作者说：“参与者讨论了他们不知道谁，哪里以及为什么会发生歧视性攻击的担心。”“担心的负担导致了针对人身安全的预防措施的额外的创伤和疲惫。”
作者指出，参与者无法安全地使用公共场所，大多数评论了攻击，攻击和/或骚扰的不可预测性，不确定性和意外事件。
作者写道：“所有参与者都描述了需要对伤害的预期，导致困扰和疲惫的必要性。”
一位参与者将亚洲仇恨犯罪的数量描述为令人恐惧，并补充说，因此他们不太愿意独自做事或自己外出。
“There is a certain kind of unsettling discomfort just knowing that people do blame such a large-scale, horrific pandemic on one community, and on people that look like me, or that look like my parents,” another said.
与会者还指出，与从事大流行期间从事较低薪水（通常是公开的工作）相比，具有较高社会经济地位的人更有可能经历间接种族主义形式。他们更有可能通过口头和/或身体攻击或骚扰遇到直接歧视。
莫斯说：“对较低的社会经济地位亚洲加拿大人的影响，对他们的身心健康的影响是如此重要，而且实际上，这对整个医疗保健系统来说是巨大，巨大的成本。”
“这不仅是一个大流行问题，因此坚持了我们。不仅是Covid-19处于新闻周期的首位。这个人口所面临的影响将持续多年。”
归属感
Despite the fact Asian Canadian study participants experienced discrimination and felt unsafe during the pandemic, the authors did note it had a limited impact on the sense of belonging many felt.
“这些参与者感到与他们的加拿大和亚洲文化和社区有联系并密切认同。例如，除了亚洲遗产外，参与者还指出，“成为加拿大人”是其身份不可或缺的一部分。”
“Some participants believed that the discrimination hadn’t affected how they were perceived by the broader Canadian society. Strictly adhering to public prevention practices/guidelines, as part of the greater good, made participants feel they were a part of, and belonged to, the community.”
Moss said while quantitative work on this topic (primarily in the form of surveys) reported that Asian Canadians felt their sense of belonging was negatively impacted, finding the opposite via their qualitative research approach was a bit surprising and something they intend to explore in future research.
莫斯说，虽然一种理论是他们的归属感与“少数族裔神话”相关，但也可能是，弹性的数量更大。尽管受到负面影响，但在亚洲加拿大社区中齐聚一堂，可能会帮助他们接近，站起来并保护自己免受面临的攻击。
“While we weren’t able to understand if that increased sense of belonging meant that they were all huddling together and trying to stay in public areas, it did show us a sense of how the force of community and the strength of a community to impact or to stand up to bystanders is really, really powerful,” Moss said.
“这对我们是一个非常惊人的发现,但we do believe it’s a strength of the approach that we took, which is in contrast to more of a quantitative, one-point-in time approach.”
“这不是美国问题”
One quote Moss said really stuck with researchers and was cited in the published paper came from a participant who stressed that despite the American rhetoric, the problem exists here too.
“This is not an American problem,” the participant said. “Now, more than ever, we need to come together to raise awareness of the challenges faced by our communities, to confront the people who are psychologically abusing us — it’s not okay.”
Moss said that message is “really, really important” for Canadians to hear and understand.
她说：“这项研究使我们能够提出不容易被提出数字的问题，以了解加拿大发生的事情的人类经验。”
“Although Canada really prides itself on being a multicultural country, discrimination has been common among Asian Canadians during the pandemic, and that sinophobia during COVID-19 is not simply because of the racialization of the virus, for example ‘the Chinese virus,’ but also historical anti-Asian racism.”
All participants expressed the “key role” politicians and media played in enabling the spread of Asian Canadian discrimination and fear toward Asians. The study’s authors said participants talked about upsetting rhetoric like “China virus,” and “Kung flu” used by politicians and their supporters.
他们还指出，主流媒体是“成为责备病毒或责任的平台”。
“大量歧视”
莫斯说，种族主义袭击的报告估计为10％。她说，提高认识和报告种族主义事件是有助于打击种族主义的重要工具，我们必须继续使种族骚扰的报告正常化。
她敦促单个加拿大人在看到或听到种族主义或歧视发生时，而不是旁观者来扮演角色。
莫斯说：“如果有人发表种族主义评论，听起来很简单，但是诸如‘对不起，那是什么，或者让我分享另一种观点的短语，”莫斯说。
莫斯说，由于大流行释放了“巨大的歧视浪潮”，我们现在必须采取行动来增强我们社会的免疫力。
她说：“大流行虽然强调了对亚洲加拿大人的负面影响，但确实为我们提供了前进的一步。”
“我们确实知道发生了什么事，这不仅在大流行中。那么，我们如何从19009年大流行中恢复过来时如何加强社区，我们的家庭和彼此？”
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